AMPDB_184 | Lactotransferrin

1 General Description

AMPDB ID: AMPDB_184

Protein Names: Lactotransferrin (Lactoferrin) (EC 3.4.21.-) [Cleaved into: Lactoferricin-B (Lfcin-B)]

Protein Family: Transferrin family

Gene Name: LTF

Source Organism: Bos taurus (Bovine)

Protein Length: 708 AA

Protein Existence: Evidence at protein level

2 Protein Sequence & Composition

MKLFVPALLSLGALGLCLAAPRKNVRWCTISQPEWFKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAFALECIRAIAEKKADAVTLDGGMVFEAGRDPYKLRPVAAEIYGTKESPQTHYYAVAVVKKGSNFQLDQLQGRKSCHTGLGRSAGWIIPMGILRPYLSWTESLEPLQGAVAKFFSASCVPCIDRQAYPNLCQLCKGEGENQCACSSREPYFGYSGAFKCLQDGAGDVAFVKETTVFENLPEKADRDQYELLCLNNSRAPVDAFKECHLAQVPSHAVVARSVDGKEDLIWKLLSKAQEKFGKNKSRSFQLFGSPPGQRDLLFKDSALGFLRIPSKVDSALYLGSRYLTTLKNLRETAEEVKARYTRVVWCAVGPEEQKKCQQWSQQSGQNVTCATASTTDDCIVLVLKGEADALNLDGGYIYTAGKCGLVPVLAENRKSSKHSSLDCVLRPTEGYLAVAVVKKANEGLTWNSLKDKKSCHTAVDRTAGWNIPMGLIVNQTGSCAFDEFFSQSCAPGADPKSRLCALCAGDDQGLDKCVPNSKEKYYGYTGAFRCLAEDVGDVAFVKNDTVWENTNGESTADWAKNLNREDFRLLCLDGTRKPVTEAQSCHLAVAPNHAVVSRSDRAAHVKQVLLHQQALFGKNGKNCPDKFCLFKSETKNLLFNDNTECLAKLGGRPTYEEYLGTEYVTAIANLKKCSTSPLLEACAFLTR

FASTA format

Counts of Amino Acids

'A': 70, 'R': 37, 'N': 29, 'D': 36, 'C': 35, 'Q': 29, 'E': 40, 'G': 51, 'H': 10, 'I': 16, 'L': 73, 'K': 55, 'M': 5, 'F': 28, 'P': 31, 'S': 46, 'T': 36, 'W': 13, 'Y': 21, 'V': 47

Frequencies of Amino Acids

'A': 9.89%, 'R': 5.23%, 'N': 4.1%, 'D': 5.08%, 'C': 4.94%, 'Q': 4.1%, 'E': 5.65%, 'G': 7.2%, 'H': 1.41%, 'I': 2.26%, 'L': 10.31%, 'K': 7.77%, 'M': 0.71%, 'F': 3.95%, 'P': 4.38%, 'S': 6.5%, 'T': 5.08%, 'W': 1.84%, 'Y': 2.97%, 'V': 6.64%

Missing Amino Acid(s)

No Amino Acid(s) are missing in this protein

Most Occurring Amino Acid(s)

Less Occurring Amino Acid(s)

Hydrophobic Amino Acid(s) Count

334

Hydrophilic Amino Acid(s) Count

374

Basic Amino Acid(s) Count

Acidic Amino Acid(s) Count

102

Modified Amino Acid(s) Count

Modified Amino Acid(s) Frequencies

Computed by biopython (version 1.79) & proteinAnalysis (version 1)

3 Physicochemical Properties

Sl. No.	Properties	Values	Reference
1.	Molecular Mass	78056.4 Da	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
2.	Aliphatic Index	78.164	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
3.	Instability Index (Half Life)	40.995	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
4.	Hydrophobicity (GRAVY)	-0.289	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
5.	Hydrophobic Moment	0.66	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
6.	Isoelectric Point	8.383	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
7.	Charge (at pH 7)	14.791	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
8.	Secondary Structure Fraction	0.28, 0.222, 0.266 [Helix, Turn, Sheet]	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
9.	Aromaticity	0.088	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)
10.	Molar Extinction Coefficient (cysteine\|cystine)	102790, 104915	Computed by ProtParam module (biopython 1.79)

4.1 Target Organism(s)

E.coli (Gram-negative)

4.2 Antimicrobial Activity

Antibiotic, Antimicrobial, Anti-gram-negative

4.3 Enzymatic Activity

Hydrolase, Protease, Serine protease

4.4 Inhibitory Effect

4.5 Other Biological Activity

Signal peptide, Non-hemolytic, Non-ribosomal

Activity data manually curated from Literature and UniProt

5 Database Cross-references

5.1 Literature Database

Citation 1: Pierce A, Colavizza D, Benaissa M, et al. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of bovine lactotransferrin. Eur J Biochem. 1991;196(1):177-84. Published 1991 Feb 26. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb15801.x

PMID: 2001696

Citation 2: Goodman RE, Schanbacher FL, Schanbacher FL. Bovine lactoferrin mRNA: sequence, analysis, and expression in the mammary gland. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991;180(1):75-84. Published 1991 Oct 15. doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(05)81257-4

PMID: 1718281

Citation 3: Seyfert HM, Tuckoricz A, Interthal H, et al. Structure of the bovine lactoferrin-encoding gene and its promoter. Gene. 1994;143(2):265-9. Published 1994 Jun 10. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90108-2

PMID: 8206385

Citation 4: Rejman JJ, Hegarty HM, Hurley WL, et al. Purification and characterization of bovine lactoferrin from secretions of the involuting mammary gland: identification of multiple molecular weight forms. Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1989;93(4):929-34. Published 1989. doi:10.1016/0305-0491(89)90068-0

PMID: 2805645

Citation 5: Bellamy W, Takase M, Yamauchi K, et al. Identification of the bactericidal domain of lactoferrin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992;1121(1-2):130-6. Published 1992 May 22. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(92)90346-f

PMID: 1599934

Citation 6: Hoek KS, Milne JM, Grieve PA, et al. Antibacterial activity in bovine lactoferrin-derived peptides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997;41(1):54-9. Published 1997 Jan. doi:10.1128/AAC.41.1.54

PMID: 8980754

Citation 7: Kutila T, PyÃ¶rÃ¤lÃ¤ S, Saloniemi H, et al. Antibacterial effect of bovine lactoferrin against udder pathogens. Acta Vet Scand. 2003;44(1-2):35-42. Published 2003. doi:10.1186/1751-0147-44-35

PMID: 14650542

Citation 8: Massucci MT, Giansanti F, Di Nino G, et al. Proteolytic activity of bovine lactoferrin. Biometals. 2004;17(3):249-55. Published 2004 Jun. doi:10.1023/b:biom.0000027700.90780.45

PMID: 15222473

Citation 9: Cornish J, Callon KE, Naot D, et al. Lactoferrin is a potent regulator of bone cell activity and increases bone formation in vivo. Endocrinology. 2004;145(9):4366-74. Published 2004 Sep. doi:10.1210/en.2003-1307

PMID: 15166119

Citation 10: Ando K, Hasegawa K, Shindo K, et al. Human lactoferrin activates NF-kappaB through the Toll-like receptor 4 pathway while it interferes with the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated TLR4 signaling. FEBS J. 2010;277(9):2051-66. Published 2010 May. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07620.x

PMID: 20345905

Citation 11: Moore SA, Anderson BF, Groom CR, et al. Three-dimensional structure of diferric bovine lactoferrin at 2.8 A resolution. J Mol Biol. 1997;274(2):222-36. Published 1997 Nov 28. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1997.1386

PMID: 9398529

Citation 12: Hwang PM, Zhou N, Shan X, et al. Three-dimensional solution structure of lactoferricin B, an antimicrobial peptide derived from bovine lactoferrin. Biochemistry. 1998;37(12):4288-98. Published 1998 Mar 24. doi:10.1021/bi972323m

PMID: 9521752

5.2 Protein Sequence Databases

5.3 3D Structure Databases

	Sl. no.	PDB ID	Method	Resolution	Access Links	3D View

AlphaFoldDB: P24627

5.4 Nucleotide Sequence Databases

Sl. no.	Accession(s)	Access Link(s)
1.	X57084	GenBank \|\| EMBL
2.	M63502	GenBank \|\| EMBL
3.	L08604	GenBank \|\| EMBL
4.	L19993	GenBank \|\| EMBL
5.	L19982	GenBank \|\| EMBL
6.	L19983	GenBank \|\| EMBL
7.	L19984	GenBank \|\| EMBL
8.	L19985	GenBank \|\| EMBL
9.	L19986	GenBank \|\| EMBL
10.	L19988	GenBank \|\| EMBL
11.	L19989	GenBank \|\| EMBL
12.	L19990	GenBank \|\| EMBL
13.	L19991	GenBank \|\| EMBL
14.	L19992	GenBank \|\| EMBL
15.	L19981	GenBank \|\| EMBL
16.	AB046664	GenBank \|\| EMBL
17.	BC116051	GenBank \|\| EMBL